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{{Navigate|Book=Grammar:Tutorial|Prev=Misc|Curr=Special word forms}}
{{Navigate|Book=Grammar:Tutorial|Prev=Misc|Curr=Special word forms|Next=Start translating}}


Here declension of some particular words will be present. There are no absolute need to study these word forms, as we will put these word forms into our dictionary.
Here declension of some particular words will be present. There are no absolute need to study these word forms, as we will put these word forms into our dictionary.
Line 5: Line 5:
==Forms of the verb נתן==
==Forms of the verb נתן==


The verb נתן (“to give”) is declined in perfect accordingly the following table:
The verb [[Hebrew:נתן|נתן]] (“to give”) is declined in perfect accordingly the following table:


{| class="grammar"
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || נתן ||rowspan=2| נתנו
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:נתן|נתן]] ||rowspan=2| [[Hebrew:נתנו|נתנו]]
|-
|-
| feminine || נתנה
| feminine || [[Hebrew:נתנה|נתנה]]
|-
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine ||rowspan=2| נתת || נתתם
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine ||rowspan=2| [[Hebrew:נתת|נתת]] || [[Hebrew:נתתם|נתתם]]
|-
|-
| feminine || נתתן
| feminine || [[Hebrew:נתתן|נתתן]]
|-
|-
| 1st || || נתתי || נתנו
| 1st || || [[Hebrew:נתתי|נתתי]] || [[Hebrew:נתנו|נתנו]]
|}
|}


Imperfect of נתן in both PAAL and NIPAL:
Imperfect of [[Hebrew:נתן|נתן]] in both PAAL and NIPAL:


{| class="grammar"
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || תתי || יתנו
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:יתן|יתן]] || [[Hebrew:יתנו|יתנו]]
|-
|-
| feminine || תן || תתנה
| feminine || [[Hebrew:תן|תן]] || [[Hebrew:תתנה|תתנה]]
|-
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine || תן || תתו
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine || [[Hebrew:תן|תן]] || [[Hebrew:תתו|תתו]]
|-
|-
| feminine || תתי || תתנה
| feminine || [[Hebrew:תתי|תתי]] || [[Hebrew:תתנה|תתנה]]
|-
|-
| 1st || || אתן || נתן
| 1st || || [[Hebrew:אתן|אתן]] || [[Hebrew:נתן|נתן]]
|}
|}


Line 41: Line 41:
It follows 1-נ pattern.
It follows 1-נ pattern.


Infinitive: קחת.
Infinitive: [[Hebrew:קחת|קחת]].


Imperative: קח.
Imperative: [[Hebrew:קח|קח]].
 
Imperfect:


{| class="grammar"
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || יקח || יקחו
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:יקח|יקח]] || [[Hebrew:יקחו|יקחו]]
|-
|-
| feminine || תקח || תקחנה
| feminine || [[Hebrew:תקח|תקח]] || [[Hebrew:תקחנה|תקחנה]]
|-
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine || תקח || תקחו
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine || [[Hebrew:תקח|תקח]] || [[Hebrew:תקחו|תקחו]]
|-
|-
| feminine || תקחי || תקחנה
| feminine || [[Hebrew:תקחי|תקחי]] || [[Hebrew:תקחנה|תקחנה]]
|-
|-
| 1st || || אקח || נקח
| 1st || || [[Hebrew:אקח|אקח]] || [[Hebrew:נקח|נקח]]
|}
|}


==The verb הלך==
==The verb הלך==


Imperative: לך.
Imperative: [[Hebrew:לך|לך]].


[[TODO]]: declension of הלך?
[[TODO]]: declension of הלך?
Line 70: Line 72:
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
|-
| 1st || || אני, אנכי || אנחנו
| 1st || || [[Hebrew:אני|אני]], [[Hebrew:אנכי|אנכי]] || [[Hebrew:אנחנו|אנחנו]]
|-
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine || אתה || אתם
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine || [[Hebrew:אתה|אתה]] || [[Hebrew:אתם|אתם]]
|-
|-
| feminine || את || אתן, אתנה
| feminine || [[Hebrew:את|את]] || [[Hebrew:אתן|אתן]], [[Hebrew:אתנה|אתנה]]
|-
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || הוא || הם, המה
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:הוא|הוא]] || [[Hebrew:הם|הם]], [[Hebrew:המה|המה]]
|-
|-
| feminine || היא || הנה
| feminine || [[Hebrew:היא|היא]] || [[Hebrew:הנה|הנה]]
|}
|}


Seldom there are 2nd person, sing., fem. form אתי.
Seldom there are 2nd person, sing., fem. form [[Hebrew:אתי|אתי]].


Seldom אנחנו is replaced with נחנו or אנו.
Seldom אנחנו is replaced with [[Hebrew:נחנו|נחנו]] or [[Hebrew:אנו|אנו]].


==יש and אין with pronoun suffixes==
==יש and אין with pronoun suffixes==
Line 89: Line 91:
The forms not present in the traditional analysis of biblical texts are in parentheses.
The forms not present in the traditional analysis of biblical texts are in parentheses.


The word יש:
The word [[Hebrew:יש|יש]]:
 
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
| 1st || || ([[Hebrew:ישי|ישי]]) || ([[Hebrew:ישנו|ישנו]])
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine || [[Hebrew:ישך|ישך]] || [[Hebrew:ישכם|ישכם]]
|-
| feminine || ([[Hebrew:ישך|ישך]]) || ([[Hebrew:ישכן|ישכן]])
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:ישנו|ישנו]] || ([[Hebrew:ישם|ישם]])
|-
| feminine || ([[Hebrew:ישנה|ישנה]]) || ([[Hebrew:ישן|ישן]])
|}
 
The word [[Hebrew:אין|אין]]:
 
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
| 1st || ||colspan=2| [[Hebrew:אינני|אינני]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine ||rowspan=2| [[Hebrew:אינך|אינך]] || [[Hebrew:אינכם|אינכם]]
|-
| feminine || ([[Hebrew:אינכן|אינכן]])
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:אינני|אינני]] || [[Hebrew:אינם|אינם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:איננה|איננה]] || ([[Hebrew:אינן|אינן]])
|}
 
==הנה with pronoun suffixes==
 
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
| 1st || || [[Hebrew:הנני|הנני]] || [[Hebrew:הננו|הננו]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine ||rowspan=2| [[Hebrew:הנך|הנך]] || [[Hebrew:הנכם|הנכם]]
|-
| feminine || ([[Hebrew:הנכן|הנכן]])
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:הנו|הנו]] || [[Hebrew:הנם|הנם]]
|-
| feminine || ([[Hebrew:הננה|הננה]]) || ([[Hebrew:הנן|הנן]])
|}
 
==עוד with pronoun suffixes==


{| class="grammar"
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
|-
| 1st || || (ישי) || (ישנו)
| 1st || || [[Hebrew:עודי|עודי]] or [[Hebrew:עודני|עודני]] ||
|-
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine || ישך || ישכם
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine ||rowspan=2| [[Hebrew:עודך|עודך]] ||
|-
|-
| feminine || (ישך) || (ישכן)
| feminine ||
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:עודנו|עודנו]] || [[Hebrew:עודם|עודם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:עודנה|עודנה]] || ([[Hebrew:עודן|עודן]])
|}
 
==The interrogative pronouns==
 
[[Hebrew:מי|מי]] means “who?”, [[Hebrew:מה|מה]] means “what?”
[[Hebrew:איה|איה]] means “where?”, it can take pronoun suffixes:
 
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || ישנו || (ישם)
| 2nd || masculine || [[Hebrew:איכה|איכה]] ||
|-
|-
| feminine || (ישנה) || (ישן)
| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:איו|איו]] || [[Hebrew:אים|אים]]
|}
|}


[[TODO]]
I suppose that [[Hebrew:אין|אין]] may mean "where are you?" (3rd, plur., fem.).
 
==Nouns אב, אח, פה==
 
These nouns have a suffix י in the conjugate form ([[Hebrew:פי|פי]], [[Hebrew:אחי|אחי]], [[Hebrew:אבי|אבי]]). We should also investigate their forms with pronoun suffixes ([[Grammar:Cites#lambdinrus|this book]] is not clear about it).
 
==The verb נגע==
 
Infinitive of the verb [[Hebrew:נגע|נגע]] (“to touch”) has two forms:  [[Hebrew:נגע|נגע]] and [[Hebrew:געת|געת]].
 
==Imperfect of יכל==
 
The first י is replaced with ו in imperfect:
 
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:יוכל|יוכל]] || [[Hebrew:יוכלו|יוכלו]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:תוכל|תוכל]] || [[Hebrew:תוכלנה|תוכלנה]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine || [[Hebrew:תוכל|תוכל]] || [[Hebrew:תוכלו|תוכלו]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:תוכלי|תוכלי]] || [[Hebrew:תוכלנה|תוכלנה]]
|-
| 1st || || [[Hebrew:אוכל|אוכל]] || [[Hebrew:נוכל|נוכל]]
|}
 
==Some prepositions with pronoun suffixes==
 
The preposition ל with pronoun suffixes:
 
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
| 1st || || [[Hebrew:לי|לי]] || [[Hebrew:לנו|לנו]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine ||rowspan=2| [[Hebrew:לך|לך]] || [[Hebrew:לכם|לכם]]
|-
| feminine || ([[Hebrew:לכן|לכן]])
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:לו|לו]] || [[Hebrew:להם|להם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:לה|לה]] || [[Hebrew:להן|להן]]
|}
 
The preposition ב with pronoun suffixes:
 
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
| 1st || || [[Hebrew:בי|בי]] || [[Hebrew:בנו|בנו]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine ||rowspan=2| [[Hebrew:בך|בך]] || [[Hebrew:בכם|בכם]]
|-
| feminine || ([[Hebrew:בכן|בכן]])
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:בו|בו]] || [[Hebrew:בהם|בהם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:בה|בה]] || [[Hebrew:בהן|בהן]]
|}
 
Sometimes 3rd person, plural masculine has the form בם.
 
The preposition [[Hebrew:את|את]] (meaning either "with" or a definite direct object) with pronoun suffixes:
 
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
| 1st || || [[Hebrew:אתי|אתי]] || [[Hebrew:אתנו|אתנו]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine ||rowspan=2| [[Hebrew:אתך|אתך]] || [[Hebrew:אתכם|אתכם]]
|-
| feminine || ([[Hebrew:אתכן|אתכן]])
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:אתו|אתו]] || [[Hebrew:אתם|אתם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:אתה|אתה]] || [[Hebrew:אתן|אתן]]
|}
 
Variants of את:
*3rd person, plural, masculine: [[Hebrew:אתהם|אתהם]].
*3rd person, plural, feminine: [[Hebrew:אתהן|אתהן]].
 
The preposition [[Hebrew:מן|מן]] with pronoun suffixes:
 
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
| 1st || || [[Hebrew:ממני|ממני]] || [[Hebrew:ממנו|ממנו]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine ||rowspan=2| [[Hebrew:ממך|ממך]] || [[Hebrew:מכם|מכם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:מכן|מכן]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:ממנו|ממנו]] || [[Hebrew:מהם|מהם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:ממנה|ממנה]] || [[Hebrew:מהן|מהן]] or [[Hebrew:מהנה|מהנה]]
|}
 
The preposition כ with pronoun suffixes:
 
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
| 1st || || [[Hebrew:כמוני|כמוני]] || [[Hebrew:כמונו|כמונו]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine ||rowspan=2| [[Hebrew:כמוך|כמוך]] || [[Hebrew:ככם|ככם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:ככן|ככן]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:כמוהו|כמוהו]] || [[Hebrew:כהם|כהם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:כמוה|כמוה]] || [[Hebrew:כהן|כהן]]
|}
 
The preposition [[Hebrew:עם|עם]] with pronoun suffixes:
 
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
| 1st || || [[Hebrew:עמי|עמי]] or [[Hebrew:עמדי|עמדי]] || [[Hebrew:עמנו|עמנו]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine ||rowspan=2| [[Hebrew:עמך|עמך]] || [[Hebrew:עמכם|עמכם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:עמכן|עמכן]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:עמו|עמו]] || [[Hebrew:עמם|עמם]] or [[Hebrew:עמהם|עמהם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:עמה|עמה]] || [[Hebrew:עמן|עמן]]
|}
 
The preposition  [[Hebrew:אל|אל]] with pronoun suffixes:
 
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
|| 1st || || [[Hebrew:אלי|אלי]] || [[Hebrew:אלינו|אלינו]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine ||rowspan=2| [[Hebrew:אליך|אליך]] || [[Hebrew:אליכם|אליכם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:אליכן|אליכן]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:אליו|אליו]] || [[Hebrew:אליהם|אליהם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:אליה|אליה]] || [[Hebrew:אליהן|אליהן]]
|}
 
The preposition  [[Hebrew:על|על]] with pronoun suffixes:
 
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
|| 1st || || [[Hebrew:עלי|עלי]] || [[Hebrew:עלינו|עלינו]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine ||rowspan=2| [[Hebrew:עליך|עליך]] || [[Hebrew:עליכם|עליכם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:עליכן|עליכן]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:עליו|עליו]] || [[Hebrew:עליהם|עליהם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:עליה|עליה]] || [[Hebrew:עליהן|עליהן]]
|}
 
The preposition  [[Hebrew:תחת|תחת]] with pronoun suffixes:
 
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
|| 1st || || [[Hebrew:תחתי|תחתי]] || [[Hebrew:תחתינו|תחתינו]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine ||rowspan=2| [[Hebrew:תחתיך|תחתיך]] || [[Hebrew:תחתיכם|תחתיכם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:תחתיכן|תחתיכן]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:תחתיו|תחתיו]] || [[Hebrew:תחתיהם|תחתיהם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:תחתיה|תחתיה]] || [[Hebrew:תחתיהן|תחתיהן]]
|}
 
The preposition  אחר with pronoun suffixes:
 
{| class="grammar"
! person !! gender !! singular !! plural
|-
|| 1st || || [[Hebrew:אחרי|אחרי]] || [[Hebrew:אחרינו|אחרינו]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 2nd || masculine ||rowspan=2| [[Hebrew:אחריך|אחריך]] || [[Hebrew:אחריכם|אחריכם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:אחריכן|אחריכן]]
|-
|rowspan=2| 3rd || masculine || [[Hebrew:אחריו|אחריו]] || [[Hebrew:אחריהם|אחריהם]]
|-
| feminine || [[Hebrew:אחריה|אחריה]] || [[Hebrew:אחריהן|אחריהן]]
|}

Latest revision as of 18:51, 1 December 2015

Grammar:Tutorial
Misc Special word forms Start translating

Here declension of some particular words will be present. There are no absolute need to study these word forms, as we will put these word forms into our dictionary.

Forms of the verb נתן

The verb נתן (“to give”) is declined in perfect accordingly the following table:

person gender singular plural
3rd masculine נתן נתנו
feminine נתנה
2nd masculine נתת נתתם
feminine נתתן
1st נתתי נתנו

Imperfect of נתן in both PAAL and NIPAL:

person gender singular plural
3rd masculine יתן יתנו
feminine תן תתנה
2nd masculine תן תתו
feminine תתי תתנה
1st אתן נתן

The verb לקח

It follows 1-נ pattern.

Infinitive: קחת.

Imperative: קח.

Imperfect:

person gender singular plural
3rd masculine יקח יקחו
feminine תקח תקחנה
2nd masculine תקח תקחו
feminine תקחי תקחנה
1st אקח נקח

The verb הלך

Imperative: לך.

TODO: declension of הלך?

Nominative of personal pronouns

person gender singular plural
1st אני, אנכי אנחנו
2nd masculine אתה אתם
feminine את אתן, אתנה
3rd masculine הוא הם, המה
feminine היא הנה

Seldom there are 2nd person, sing., fem. form אתי.

Seldom אנחנו is replaced with נחנו or אנו.

יש and אין with pronoun suffixes

The forms not present in the traditional analysis of biblical texts are in parentheses.

The word יש:

person gender singular plural
1st (ישי) (ישנו)
2nd masculine ישך ישכם
feminine (ישך) (ישכן)
3rd masculine ישנו (ישם)
feminine (ישנה) (ישן)

The word אין:

person gender singular plural
1st אינני
2nd masculine אינך אינכם
feminine (אינכן)
3rd masculine אינני אינם
feminine איננה (אינן)

הנה with pronoun suffixes

person gender singular plural
1st הנני הננו
2nd masculine הנך הנכם
feminine (הנכן)
3rd masculine הנו הנם
feminine (הננה) (הנן)

עוד with pronoun suffixes

person gender singular plural
1st עודי or עודני
2nd masculine עודך
feminine
3rd masculine עודנו עודם
feminine עודנה (עודן)

The interrogative pronouns

מי means “who?”, מה means “what?” איה means “where?”, it can take pronoun suffixes:

person gender singular plural
2nd masculine איכה
3rd masculine איו אים

I suppose that אין may mean "where are you?" (3rd, plur., fem.).

Nouns אב, אח, פה

These nouns have a suffix י in the conjugate form (פי, אחי, אבי). We should also investigate their forms with pronoun suffixes (this book is not clear about it).

The verb נגע

Infinitive of the verb נגע (“to touch”) has two forms: נגע and געת.

Imperfect of יכל

The first י is replaced with ו in imperfect:

person gender singular plural
3rd masculine יוכל יוכלו
feminine תוכל תוכלנה
2nd masculine תוכל תוכלו
feminine תוכלי תוכלנה
1st אוכל נוכל

Some prepositions with pronoun suffixes

The preposition ל with pronoun suffixes:

person gender singular plural
1st לי לנו
2nd masculine לך לכם
feminine (לכן)
3rd masculine לו להם
feminine לה להן

The preposition ב with pronoun suffixes:

person gender singular plural
1st בי בנו
2nd masculine בך בכם
feminine (בכן)
3rd masculine בו בהם
feminine בה בהן

Sometimes 3rd person, plural masculine has the form בם.

The preposition את (meaning either "with" or a definite direct object) with pronoun suffixes:

person gender singular plural
1st אתי אתנו
2nd masculine אתך אתכם
feminine (אתכן)
3rd masculine אתו אתם
feminine אתה אתן

Variants of את:

  • 3rd person, plural, masculine: אתהם.
  • 3rd person, plural, feminine: אתהן.

The preposition מן with pronoun suffixes:

person gender singular plural
1st ממני ממנו
2nd masculine ממך מכם
feminine מכן
3rd masculine ממנו מהם
feminine ממנה מהן or מהנה

The preposition כ with pronoun suffixes:

person gender singular plural
1st כמוני כמונו
2nd masculine כמוך ככם
feminine ככן
3rd masculine כמוהו כהם
feminine כמוה כהן

The preposition עם with pronoun suffixes:

person gender singular plural
1st עמי or עמדי עמנו
2nd masculine עמך עמכם
feminine עמכן
3rd masculine עמו עמם or עמהם
feminine עמה עמן

The preposition אל with pronoun suffixes:

person gender singular plural
1st אלי אלינו
2nd masculine אליך אליכם
feminine אליכן
3rd masculine אליו אליהם
feminine אליה אליהן

The preposition על with pronoun suffixes:

person gender singular plural
1st עלי עלינו
2nd masculine עליך עליכם
feminine עליכן
3rd masculine עליו עליהם
feminine עליה עליהן

The preposition תחת with pronoun suffixes:

person gender singular plural
1st תחתי תחתינו
2nd masculine תחתיך תחתיכם
feminine תחתיכן
3rd masculine תחתיו תחתיהם
feminine תחתיה תחתיהן

The preposition אחר with pronoun suffixes:

person gender singular plural
1st אחרי אחרינו
2nd masculine אחריך אחריכם
feminine אחריכן
3rd masculine אחריו אחריהם
feminine אחריה אחריהן
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