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	<id>https://withoutvowels.org/w/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Grammar%3ATutorial%2FAbstract</id>
	<title>Grammar:Tutorial/Abstract - Revision history</title>
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	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://withoutvowels.org/w/index.php?title=Grammar:Tutorial/Abstract&amp;action=history"/>
	<updated>2026-04-19T16:30:22Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.43.1</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>https://withoutvowels.org/w/index.php?title=Grammar:Tutorial/Abstract&amp;diff=23349&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Victor Porton at 14:50, 22 October 2011</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://withoutvowels.org/w/index.php?title=Grammar:Tutorial/Abstract&amp;diff=23349&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2011-10-22T14:50:58Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 14:50, 22 October 2011&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Navigate|Book=Grammar &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;without vowels tutorial&lt;/del&gt;|Curr=Abstract|Next=Preface}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Navigate|Book=Grammar&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;:Tutorial&lt;/ins&gt;|Curr=Abstract|Next=Preface}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Abstract==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Abstract==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Victor Porton</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://withoutvowels.org/w/index.php?title=Grammar:Tutorial/Abstract&amp;diff=23348&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Victor Porton: moved Grammar:Tutorial to Grammar:Tutorial/Abstract</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://withoutvowels.org/w/index.php?title=Grammar:Tutorial/Abstract&amp;diff=23348&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2011-10-22T14:46:43Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;moved &lt;a href=&quot;/wiki/Grammar:Tutorial&quot; title=&quot;Grammar:Tutorial&quot;&gt;Grammar:Tutorial&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href=&quot;/wiki/Grammar:Tutorial/Abstract&quot; title=&quot;Grammar:Tutorial/Abstract&quot;&gt;Grammar:Tutorial/Abstract&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 14:46, 22 October 2011&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-notice&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mw-diff-empty&quot;&gt;(No difference)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Victor Porton</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://withoutvowels.org/w/index.php?title=Grammar:Tutorial/Abstract&amp;diff=23342&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Victor Porton: moved Grammar:Index to Grammar:Tutorial</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://withoutvowels.org/w/index.php?title=Grammar:Tutorial/Abstract&amp;diff=23342&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2011-10-22T13:32:23Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;moved &lt;a href=&quot;/wiki/Grammar:Index&quot; title=&quot;Grammar:Index&quot;&gt;Grammar:Index&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href=&quot;/wiki/Grammar:Tutorial&quot; title=&quot;Grammar:Tutorial&quot;&gt;Grammar:Tutorial&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 13:32, 22 October 2011&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-notice&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mw-diff-empty&quot;&gt;(No difference)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Victor Porton</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://withoutvowels.org/w/index.php?title=Grammar:Tutorial/Abstract&amp;diff=23341&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Victor Porton at 13:30, 22 October 2011</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://withoutvowels.org/w/index.php?title=Grammar:Tutorial/Abstract&amp;diff=23341&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2011-10-22T13:30:04Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 13:30, 22 October 2011&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Navigate|Book=&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Wikibooks:Templates&lt;/del&gt;|Curr=Abstract|Next=Preface}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Navigate|Book=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Grammar without vowels tutorial&lt;/ins&gt;|Curr=Abstract|Next=Preface}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Abstract==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Abstract==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Victor Porton</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://withoutvowels.org/w/index.php?title=Grammar:Tutorial/Abstract&amp;diff=23337&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Victor Porton: Added navigation</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://withoutvowels.org/w/index.php?title=Grammar:Tutorial/Abstract&amp;diff=23337&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2011-10-22T13:15:33Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Added navigation&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 13:15, 22 October 2011&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{Navigate|Book=Wikibooks:Templates|Curr=Abstract|Next=Preface}}&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Abstract==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Abstract==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Victor Porton</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://withoutvowels.org/w/index.php?title=Grammar:Tutorial/Abstract&amp;diff=23336&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Victor Porton: Added the abstract</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://withoutvowels.org/w/index.php?title=Grammar:Tutorial/Abstract&amp;diff=23336&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2011-10-22T12:58:29Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Added the abstract&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Abstract==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This book describes the grammar of biblical Hebrew without vowels and other niqqudot.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tanakh (Hebrew Bible) was initially written without vowels. Reading it with all possible vowel combinations produces many different senses which the God&amp;#039;s word has.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We can insert different vowels into Tanakh and get different senses. Much simpler we can study and use Tanakh without vowels at all.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This way we do not need to study rules of biblical Hebrew related to vowels and other niqqudot. This simplifies very much study of biblical Hebrew. We just do not need to deal with vowels.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This book is intended to be used as a studybook and a reference of biblical Hebrew without niqqudot.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Victor Porton</name></author>
	</entry>
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